Vigoroso

As the powerful landlords grew to maturity and society became unstable in the Han dynasty,the powerful landlords organized private armed forces that were made of guests,clansmen,enserfed peasants by means of patriacrchal clan system and relation of dependence.

汉代随着豪强地主势力的扩张和社会的动荡不安,私兵应运而生并迅速发展。

However, with economic and social development, then there was a dramatic transformation, social structure, social tremendous changes, mainly for the business growing prosperity, "extravagant" started up, and local bullys activities ram.

然而，随着社会、经济的发展，当时社会发生了一次剧烈的转型，社会结构、社会风气发生巨大的变化，主要表现为工商业日益繁荣、“奢靡之风”开始兴起、地方豪强活动猖獗、流民运动蜂起等等；这些因素相互影响，互相制约，酿成许许多多的社会问题。